Waste management is the collection, transport, processing, recycling or disposal of waste materials, usually ones produced by human activity, in an effort to reduce their effect on human health or local aesthetics or amenity. Waste management is also carried out to recover resources from it. Waste management can involve solid, liquid, gaseous or radioactive substances with different methods and fields of expertise for each.
An important goal of waste management is to protect the natural environment and public health from hazardous materials that may be in the waste stream. It is also important that the waste stream be managed efficiently for the economic benefit of the community.
Waste management practices are not uniform among countries (developed and developing nations); regions (urban and rural areas), and residential and industrial sectors can all take different approaches.
What is Hazardous Waste?
Hazardous waste is waste that has substantial or potential threats to public health or the environment. Hazardous wastes can be liquids, solids, contained gases, or sludges. They can be discarded commercial products, like cleaning fluids or pesticides, or the by-products of manufacturing processes.
Hazardous Waste Management Rules
The Hazardous Waste Management Rules, 1989 was formulated under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. It is one of the most comprehensive environmental laws in India that governs the management of hazardous wastes and their disposal. The rules also lay down guidelines for individuals or bodies responsible for generating hazardous waste.
The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) is charged with implementing these rules. It has been designated as a regulator and a facilitator for hazardous waste management in India. The rules also prohibit import and export of hazardous waste without prior permission from the MoEFCC.
Hazardous waste management
To achieve the goal of protecting human health and the environment from the potential impacts of hazardous waste, Government developed regulations for generators, transporters and treatment, storage and disposal facilities that manage hazardous waste.
7 Things You Should Know
- Hazardous waste can be in many forms, including liquids, solids, gases or sludges.
- The hazardous wastes most often found at small businesses are flammable liquids, corrosive materials such as acids or bases, and toxic substances such as heavy metals or solvents.
- Hazardous waste is subject to a number of specific central rules. Certain states may have additional requirements that apply to hazardous wastes in their state.
- Businesses that use chemicals in their operations should understand which of these chemicals are being classified as “hazardous wastes” under government rules.
The following is a list of hazardous wastes that require authorization from the authority.
Hazardous waste is the waste that has potential to harm human health or the environment. There are various sources of hazardous waste such as households, industries and hospitals. The household wastes are like leftover paints, used batteries and paint thinner. The industrial wastes are like chemical solvents and mercury-containing equipment. The hospital waste is like used syringes and vials of medicines. The government has implemented regulations for the management of hazardous waste under the Environment Quality Act for healthcare hazardous waste authorization
The following list shows the various types of hazardous wastes that require authorization:
These properties generate materials that are either toxic, reactive, ignitable, corrosive, infectious, or radioactive.
Hazardous Waste Recycling, Treatment, Storage and Disposal
Hazardous waste recycling is the reuse, treatment or reclamation of hazardous waste as a means of reducing their effect on human health and the environment. It is the management of hazardous materials after their initial use to make them suitable for another use or for disposal. The most common methods of recycling are:
- Reuse: In this method, hazardous waste is used over and over again for various purposes. For instance, old car batteries can be reused as new ones.
- Treatment: This method ensures that hazardous waste is treated to make it less harmful. For example, bacteria can be used to eat up oil spills in water bodies.
- Recovery: This involves the recovery of useful materials from hazardous waste. These materials can then be used in other processes.
- Disposal: This involves the proper Disposal of hazardous wastes so that they cannot have any negative impact on human health or the environment.
How to setup Hazardous waste treatment plant setup
Hazardous waste treatment plant setup is necessary to protect people, animals and the environment from hazardous waste. Hazardous waste is a term that describes any discarded material whose chemical or physical properties (for example, explosiveness, flammability or corrosiveness) are such that it can cause harm to humans, animals or the environment. There are different types of such waste such as medical waste, radioactive waste, chemical waste etc which have different methods of treatment depending on the type of material they are made up of and their content.
There are various hazardous waste treatment plants which are set up by the government these days so that no such material goes untreated and causes harm to humans or animals in any way. These plants take care of all such materials and make sure that they do not affect the environment or anyone living around it in any way. The treatment is done in such a manner so as to ensure that no hazardous material is left behind when it is disposed off into landfills or dumped into rivers or seas.
Setting up a hazardous waste treatment plant is an expensive affair but it can be done easily if one takes help from a professional who knows everything about setting up such plants.
There are several types of hazardous waste treatment technologies. These technologies can be classified into four general categories:
- Incineration
- Chemical Treatment
- Physical Treatment
- Biological Treatment
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